Understanding Accessory Breasts: What Every Woman Should Know
Many women are aware that they have only two breasts, one on each side of the chest. However, a significant number of them contend with a common condition known as **accessory breasts**. This condition refers to the existence of extra breast tissue beyond the conventional two. According to Professor Qiang Liu, Head of the Breast Surgery Department at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, approximately **1-6%** of women have accessory breasts, yet most do not require surgical intervention.
What Causes Accessory Breasts?
The development of accessory breasts is often misunderstood. Many women associate it with clothing habits, but Professor Liu clarifies that this condition is actually a **congenital developmental anomaly**. Accessory breast tissue typically appears near the axillary (armpit) area, but can also manifest in regions above and below the primary breasts, the abdomen, and the groin.
During embryonic development, there are typically **6 to 7 pairs** of thickened areas along the line from the axilla to the groin, which are precursors to breast tissue. Normally, all but the primary pair regress before birth. If this regression does not occur, accessory breasts develop. It is important to note that this extra tissue lacks functioning nipples and mammary glands.
Symptoms and Concerns
While accessory breasts may not pose significant health risks, they can cause discomfort. Women might experience localized swelling and tenderness, particularly before menstruation or during breastfeeding, though some may not notice any symptoms at all. While aesthetically unpleasing for some, Professor Liu mentions that if the accessory tissue is small and does not cause discomfort, **it generally does not require treatment**. Regular monitoring and observation are sufficient.
When Should You Consider Surgical Removal?
Professor Liu emphasizes that accessory breasts serve no functional purpose for women and can develop similar diseases to those affecting regular breast tissue, such as hyperplastic, inflammatory, or tumorous conditions. Women experiencing discomfort or noticeable size increase in their accessory breasts should consider **surgical removal**.
In cases of small accessory breasts without clinical symptoms, regular follow-ups are recommended without the need for surgery. However, larger or progressively enlarging accessory breasts, especially with noticeable symptoms, should be assessed for surgical intervention. Women with a family history of breast cancer or other high-risk factors may also find preventive surgery beneficial.
It is important for women in sensitive stages of life, such as menstruation, pregnancy, or breastfeeding, to avoid surgery and consider conservative treatments first. Professor Liu strongly advises that accessory breasts should be approached with caution; regular check-ups are essential, even if there are no apparent symptoms. If any suspicious lumps are detected, prompt medical consultation is crucial.
This article is guided by Dr. Qiang Liu, an expert in breast diseases, particularly malignant conditions, at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital. For more details on addressing breast health concerns, consulting with a specialized physician is recommended.